Problem 14 Explain how a well-functioning f... [FREE SOLUTION] (2024)

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Chapter 25: Problem 14

Explain how a well-functioning financial system increases savings andinvestment spending, holding the budget balance and any capital flows fixed.

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Answer: A well-functioning financial system increases savings and investment spending by lowering transaction costs, efficiently allocating resources, providing access to accurate information, and fostering greater trust in the financial system. These factors encourage consumers, businesses, and governments to engage in economic activities that promote growth, leading to higher savings and investments.

Step by step solution

Define the role of a financial system

A financial system is a set of institutions, markets, and instruments that facilitate the flow of funds between savers and investors. This system allows consumers, businesses, and governments to efficiently allocate resources for investments, consumption, and saving. The main role of a financial system is to facilitate the process of transferring funds from savers to investors, which is crucial for promoting economic growth.

Explain how financial systems facilitate savings

Financial systems provide various financial instruments and services that encourage consumers to save. These include saving accounts, certificates of deposit, bonds, and various other financial products offered by financial institutions such as banks and credit unions. By providing a secure and accessible place for consumers to save their money and earn interest, the financial system helps to promote saving habits among the population.

Explain how financial systems facilitate investment

Financial systems also help to facilitate investment spending by connecting savers and investors. Investors, such as businesses and governments, require funds to finance new projects or expand existing ones, while savers are looking for investment opportunities to earn a return on their savings. Financial systems, through financial institutions, provide a platform where investors can raise funds by issuing securities (stocks, bonds, etc.) or obtaining loans. Investors thus have access to funds, which they can use to make investments that stimulate economic growth.

Show how a well-functioning financial system increases savings and investment spending

A well-functioning financial system, with efficient financial institutions and markets, can lead to increased savings and investment spending in the following ways:1. Lower transaction costs: A well-functioning financial system reduces the costs associated with borrowing, lending, and investing. By lowering these costs, investors find it more attractive to invest, and savers are more likely to save, increasing both savings and investments.2. Effective allocation of resources: A well-functioning financial system allocates resources efficiently by accurately assessing risks and rewards associated with different investment opportunities. This ensures that the funds flow towards investments with the highest potential return, leading to higher economic growth.3. Improved information availability: In a well-functioning financial system, information about investment opportunities is readily available and accurate. This enables savers to make informed decisions about their investments, increasing the likelihood of successful investments that generate returns, which further encourages savings and investments.4. Greater stability and trust: A stable and well-regulated financial system instills confidence in consumers and investors, encouraging more savings and investment spending. When savers and investors trust the system, they are more likely to engage in economic activities that promote growth.In summary, a well-functioning financial system lowers transaction costs, efficiently allocates resources, provides access to accurate information, and fosters greater trust in the financial system. These factors work together to increase savings and investment spending, leading to higher economic growth.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Explain why equilibrium in the loanable funds market maximizes efficiency.How would you respond to a friend who claims that the government shouldeliminate all purchases that are financed by borrowing because such borrowingcrowds out private investment spending?Boris Borrower and Lynn Lender agree that Lynn will lend Boris $\$ 10,000$ andthat Boris will repay the $\$ 10,000$ with interest in one year. They agree toa nominal interest rate of $8 \%,$ reflecting a real interest rate of $3 \%$on the loan and a commonly shared expected inflation rate of $5 \%$ over thenext year. a. If the inflation rate is actually $4 \%$ over the next year, how does thatlower-than-expected inflation rate affect Boris and Lynn? Who is better off? b. If the actual inflation rate is $7 \%$ over the next year, how does thataffect Boris and Lynn? Who is better off?For each of the following, is it an example of investment spending, investingin financial assets, or investing in physical assets? a. Rupert Moneybucks buys 100 shares of existing Coca-Cola stock. b. Rhonda Moviestar spends $\$ 10$ million to buy a mansion built in the $1970\mathrm{~s}$. c. Ronald Basketballstar spends $\$ 10$ million to build a new mansion with aview of the Pacific Ocean. d. Rawlings builds a new plant to make catcher's mitts. e. Russia buys $\$ 100$ million in U.S. government bonds.Sallie Mae is a quasi-governmental agency that packages individual studentloans into pools of loans and sells shares of these pools to investors asSallie Mae bonds. a. What is this process called? What effect will it have on investors comparedto situations in which they could only buy and sell individual student loans? b. What effect do you think Sallie Mae's actions will have on the ability ofstudents to get loans? c. Suppose that a very severe recession hits and, as a consequence, manygraduating students cannot get jobs and default on their student loans. Whateffect will this have on Sallie Mae bonds? Why is it likely that investors nowbelieve Sallie Mae bonds to be riskier than expected? What will be the effecton the availability of student loans?

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